A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management

w atomic number 18 AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Vol. 16, No. 6, November-December 2007, pp. 780 790 issn 1059-1478 07 1606 780$1. 25 POMS doi 10. 3401/poms. 2007 yield and trading trading operations counseling night club A Note on the Growth of inquiry in helper trading operations way Jeffery S. Smith Kirk R. Karwan Robert E. MarklandDepartment of Marketing, Florida express University, Rovetta Business Building, T whollyahassee, Florida 32306, USA Department of Business and Accounting, Furman University, 3300 Poinsett High expressive style, Greenville, southeasterly Carolina 29613, USA solicitude Science Department, Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, 1705 Col limbe Street, capital of South Carolina, South Carolina 29208, USA e mailprotected fsu. edu kirk. emailprotected edu emailprotected sc. edu e present an empirical assessment of the productivity of individuals and institutions in terms of benefit operations charge (SOM) search.We reviewed ? ve mainstream operations charge journals over a 17-year epoch period to generate a sample of 463 articles tie in to re victimization operations. The results indicate that SOM inquiry has been growing and key mulcttributions are being do by an array of researchers and institutions. Key words research productivity research review dish operations Sub guardianships and Acceptance Original submission Received November 2005 revisions received July 2006 and October 2007 accepted October 2007 by Aleda Roth. W 1. IntroductionThe transformation of change economies from a manufacturing base to a good orientation is a continuing phenomenon. The trend is readily sheer in the United States where, by virtually all accounts, over 80% of private sector consumption is engaged in some sort of mathematical process work (Karmarkar, 2004). Despite this, observers of research in operations commission (OM) have long been critical of the ? days for not transitioning in a similar manner. angio tensin converting enzyme study by Pannirselvam et al. (1999) reviewed 1,754 articles surrounded by 1992 and 1997 in seven key OM journals and reported only 53 (2. 7%) addressed helping-related lines.Roth and Menor (2003) also voiced concern virtually a paucity of research in presenting a military divine assistant operations management (SOM) research agenda for the future. Regardless of the exact ? gures, there is clearly spacious potential and need for research in the dish up operations arena. Recent developments within the discipline are encouraging. For example, Production and Operations focusing (POM) and the Production and Operations solicitude Society (POMS) have taken several(prenominal) steps to facilitate research in gain operations. First, the journal recently published three rivet curves on 780 overhaul operations.Second, POMS created a society subdivision, the College of expediency Operations, that has hosted several national and international meetings. Fi nally, the journal presently has an autonomous editorial department dedicated to military swear out operations. Other initiatives to promote the military service operations management ? eld include the establishment of IBMs Service Science, way, and Engineering initiative (Spohrer et al. , 2007) and the appoint for Operations question and focusing Science Section on Service Science. To a tumescent extent, the service operations ? eld has long been considered to occupy a niche within operations management.If service operations management researchers are to establish themselves ? rmly within the OM friendship, it is our contention that their theoretical contributions to leading academic journals must be more astray recognized and their relevance to practice acknowledged. As a part of the effort to encourage this progress, the purpose of this line of descent is twofold (1) to demonstrate that published work in the key operations journals is indeed showing an up(a) trend a nd (2) to facilitate research of individual scholars by localizeing the individuals and institutions that have contributed most to the ? ld of service operations. Smith, Karwan, and Markland Growth of query in Service Operations Management Production and Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 790, 2007 Production and Operations Management Society 781 2. Methodology and Results Although some(prenominal) more complex mechanisms exist to measure contribution, we relied on a guileless commence to assess contributions by individuals and institutions. We considered four issues (1) the time frame for the review, (2) the journals to be included, (3) the metric for productivity, and (4) the means to identify the articles to be included.First, we selected a 17-year time frame beginning with 1990 and running through 2006 because we believed that this interval would provide a comprehensive picture of the service operations ? eld as it has developed, as well as an fortune to detect any over all trends. Next, we limited our assessment to the outlets identi? ed by the University of Texas at Dallas as the postmortem journals in operations management (see http//citm. utdallas. edu/ utdrankings/).These include 3 journals dedicated to OM, the journal of Operations Management (JOM), Manufacturing and Service Operations Management (MSOM), and POM, and two multidisciplinary journals, Management Science (MS) and Operations explore (OR). Third, we assessed scholarly productivity by counting the number of research articles attributable to both individuals and their academic institutions, assigning a weight of 1/n to an author and his or her institution if an article had dual (n) authors. The ? al issue to settle down was what constituted a SOM article. We ? rst eliminated any article or research note that centered on agri nuance, mining, or manufacturing. Then, two authors served as independent judges to determine whether an article employed an operations focus spot addressin g a service-speci? c job or situation. In cases where there was disTable 1 form 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Totals Service % organisation between the two raters, the third author made the ? al decision. Consequently, an article was excluded if it developed a generic wine operations poseur or involved an operations topic that was discussed in a general way and was applicable in either a manufacturing or a service environment. When an article made speci? c reference to service considerations and elaborated on them, it was included. To clarify this point, consider the case of an article investigating an stock certificate-positioning insurance policy indemnity between a manufacturer and a series of retailers.The article would be included as pertaining to service operations if it took the perspective of the retail operation but would be excluded if it took the manufacturing viewpoint. Using this methodology, we identi? ed 463 distinct service operations articles (see the Appendix for a complete list) and recorded information on the author(s) and author af? liation(s) at the time of humanityation. The numerical summary of articles is shown in Table 1, with each journals percent of service operations articles.Over the 17-year period JOM, MSOM, and POM all exceeded 15% of service articles with respect to the total number of articles published, with OR and MS publishing somewhat smaller percentages. Additionally, there is an upward trend in the total number of service articles appearing in all ? ve journals, with a marked increase in the past 3 age (see Figure 1). With regard to JOM and POM, part of this move is attributable to the publication of special issues, which is a positive development because it demonstrates a heightened emphasis originating at the editorial level.The total number of individuals appearing in the sample pond was 799. In Table 2, we list 27 individuals Distribution of Service Operations Publications by Selected Journal and Year JOM 4 1 n/a 2 1 4 3 1 3 3 6 5 8 3 7 11 13 75 15. 4 MS 3 9 5 4 5 12 4 8 11 15 5 7 3 4 11 16 13 135 6. 5 MSOM n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 3 5 3 1 5 5 6 28 16. 8 OR 10 5 10 12 6 8 6 7 10 5 9 5 8 6 11 16 16 150 10. 1 POM n/a n/a 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 11 2 4 4 14 11 3 9 75 17. 9 Total 17 15 18 19 14 27 16 18 27 34 25 26 26 28 45 51 57 463 Service % 7. 0 6. 7 6. 6 7. 8 5. 9 8. 9 6. 3 7. 0 9. 2 12. 5 9. 0 9. 2 8. 8 10. 7 15. 17. 2 17. 2 10. 0 Note. n/a (not applicable) indicates that no issue was published in the speci? c journal in the target year totals indicate the sum of all service operations articles in the noted year/journal service % indicates the representation of service articles in comparison to the total number of articles published. 782 Figure 1 Smith, Karwan, and Markland Growth of search in Service Operations Management Production and Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 790, 2007 Production and Operations Management Society Distribution of Service Articles over the Investigation Period 70Number of Service Articles 60 50 40 30 20 10 2001 2004 1990 1993 1995 1998 2000 2002 2003 1994 1999 1991 1992 1996 1997 Year who contributed the most articles on SOM in the ? ve journals. We conducted the same analysis by institution, and it resulted in 343 organizations appearing in the sample. Columbia University contributed the most articles, with a score of 16. 17. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Minnesota, and the University of Pennsylvania followed with productivity scores great than 12. Table 3 lists the remainder of the 26 most productive institutions.Although clearly dependent upon the journals within the sample, an of import conclusion that might Table 2 Name Ward Whitt Gary Thompson Stefanos Zenios Scott Sampson Richard Chase Arnold Barnett Kenneth Boyer Arthur Hill Aleda Roth Robert Shumsky Dimitris Bertsimas Susan Meyer Goldstein Julie Hays Ananth Iyer Andreas Soteriou Cy nthia Barnhart Vishal gaur Deborah Kellogg Larry Jacobs Marshall Fisher Francois Soumis William L Cooper Jean Harvey Serguei Netessine Gerard Cachon Kingshuk Sinha Avishai Mandelbaum Individual Author Contributions Productivity score 8. 0 5. 50 3. 33 3. 33 3. 17 2. 90 2. 67 2. 67 2. 67 2. 53 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 2. 42 2. 33 2. 25 2. 20 2. 17 2. 03 2. 00 2. 00 2. 00 1. 83 1. 83 1. 83 be drawn from Tables 2 and 3 is that the key contributions in SOM research are diverse and originate from a broad array of authors and institutions. Many of these authors and institutions are known to approach the ? eld from normative or prescriptive perspectives and others from more empirical or descriptive perspectives.In fact, Gupta, Verma, and Victorino (2006) recently noted that much of the growth in service research has come from studies that completely or partially employed empirical research methodologies. This increased emphasis on empirical studies bodes well for the new and growing ? eld. Table 3 Institution Institutional Contributions Productivity score 16. 17 16. 05 13. 41 12. 17 8. 75 8. 15 6. 75 6. 67 6. 67 6. 17 5. 77 5. 67 5. 67 5. 58 5. 50 5. 42 4. 95 4. 87 4. 75 4. 70 4. 50 4. 50 4. 42 4. 33 4. 33 4. 08Columbia University Massachusetts Institute of Technology University of Minnesota University of Pennsylvania University of southern California mile State University University of Texas at Austin Stanford University Purdue University Cornell University Carnegie Mellon University University of compass north Carolina at Chapel Hill Georgia Institute of Technology University of Utah New York University Harvard University Northern Illinois University University of Rochester Southern Methodist University Naval Postgraduate School AT&T University of Cyprus University of California at Los Angeles University of Maryland Vanderbilt University University of Michigan 2006 2005Smith, Karwan, and Markland Growth of seek in Service Operations Management Production an d Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 790, 2007 Production and Operations Management Society 783 3. Concluding Comments A variety of forces appear to be stimulating a longexpected increase in research emphasis on service operations management. Because service organizations and issues increasingly drop the global economy, a greater emphasis on SOM research seems important and inevitable. With operations management journals and related professional societies simultaneously providing visibility for researchers and their efforts, it is likely that we will move forward toward a clearer and more sturdy SOM research paradigm.Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers and the editorial team for their insightful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Appendix Journal of Operations Management Davis, 1990, An analysis of client comfort with waiting times in a two-stage service process. Mabert, 1990, Measuring the impact of part-time wor kers in service organizations. Mersha, 1990, Enhancing the node contact perplex. 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Barnhart, 2000, rail line blocking. Bashyam, 2000, Service design and price competition in business information services. Feng, 2000, Optimal policies of yield management with multiple predetermined prices.Haight, 2000, An integer optimization approach to a probabilistic reserve site selection problem. Hoffman, 2000, A comparison of formulations for the single-airport ground-holding problem with banking constraints. Smith, 2000, Management of multi-item retail inventory systems with demand substitution. Van Slyke, 2000, Finite persuasion stochastic knapsacks with applications to yield management. Zenios, 2000, Dynamic allocation of kidneys to candidates on the transplant waiting list. Barnett, 2001, Safe at home? Cai, 2001, Solving large nonconvex water resources management models using generalized benders decomposition. Cordeau, 2001, Simultaneous assignment of locomotives and cars to pass enger trains.Feng, 2001, A dynamic airline seat inventory control model and its optimal policy. 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Erhun, 2003, Enterprise-wide optimization of total landed cost at a grocery retailer. Rajaram, 2003, range management to optimize retail pro? ts at theme parks. Armony, 2004, Contact centers with a call-back filling and real-time delay information. Armony, 2004, On customer contact centers with a callback option.Bollapragada, 2004, Scheduling commercials on give out television. Bollapragada, 2004, Scheduling commercial videotapes in broadcast television. Borst, 2004, Dimensioning large call centers. Cappanera, 2004, A multicommodity ? ow approach to the crew rostering problem. Gaur, 2004, A periodic inventory routing problem at a supermarket chain. Hamacher, 2004, Design of zone tariff systems in public transportation. Karaesmen, 2004, Overbooking with substitutable inventory classes. Qi, 2004, Class scheduling for pilot training. Zhu, 2004, Imprecise DEA via standard linear DEA models with a rev isit to Korean mobile telecommunication company. 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Su, 2005, Patient choice in kidney allocation. Wu, 2005, Optimization of in? uenza vaccine selection. Yang, 2005, A multiperiod dynamic model of taxi services with endogenous service intensity. Zhang, 2005, Revenue management for parallel ? ights with customer-choice behavior. Agur, 2006, Optimizing chemotherapy scheduling using local search heuristics. Bassamboo, 2006, Design and control of a large call center. Cook, 2006, Incorporating multiprocess performance standards into the DEA framework. Cordeau, 2006, A branch-and-cut algorithm for the diala-ride problem.Dawande, 2006, Effective heuristics for multiproduct partial shipment models. Smith, Karwan, and Markland Growth of Research in Service Operations Management Production and Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 790, 2007 Production and Operations Management Society 789 Deshpande, 2006, Ef? cient supply chain management at the U. S. Coast Guard using part-age dependent supply replenishment policies. Fry, 2006, Fire? ghter staf? ng including temporary absences and wastage. Ghiani, 2006, The black and white traveling salesman problem. Green, 2006, Managing patient service in a diagnostic medical facility. Mannino, 2006, The network packing problem in terrestrial broadcasting.Marcus, 2006, Online low price guarantees. Marklund, 2006, dictatorial inventories in divergent supply chains with advance-order information. Netessine, 2006, Revenue management through dynamic cross change in e-commerce retailing. Perakis, 2006, An analytical model for traf? c delays and the dynamic user equilibrium problem. Romeijn, 2006, A new linear programming approach to radiation therapy treatment planning problems. Washburn, 2006, Piled-slab searches. Production and Operations Management Easton, 1992, Analysis of alternative scheduling policies for hospital nurses.Ernst, 1992, Coordination alternatives in a manufacturing/dealer inventory system under stochastic dema nd. Schneeweiss, 1992, Planning and scheduling the repair shops of the Deutsche Lufthansa AG. Rajagopalan, 1993, Allocating and scheduling mobile diagnostic imaging equipment among hospitals. Malhotra, 1994, Scheduling ? exibility in the service sector. Sainfort, 1994, A pavement management decision support system. Cox, 1995, A new learning approach to process improvement in a telecommunications company. Roth, 1995, Hospital resource planning. Schneider, 1995, Power approximations for a two-echelon inventory system using service levels. Chase, 1996, The mall is my factory.Crandall, 1996, Demand management. Joglekar, 1996, A pro? t maximization model for a retailers stocking decisions on products subject to sudden obsolescence. Cachon, 1996, Campbell soups continuous replenishment program. Clark, 1997, Reengineering channel reordering processes to improve total supply-chain performance. Harvey, 1998, Building the service operations course around a ? eld project. 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Fahrenheit 451 Son’s Book Report 9th Grade

computed axial tomography Montag, a reliever in the future who burns books, is the main character, and the romance is told from his point of view. Mildred is Montags wife, who is depressed and watches television all in all day. Captain Beatty is Montags boss and becomes his enemy. Clarisse McClellan, Montags 17 year old neighbor, comes from an unconventional family and has a the right way effect on Montag. Professor Faber who is Montags friend that helps him by making a think to reissue books.The Hound who is a mechanical dog that hunts d consume Montag after he disobeys the law. The events take place in an unnamed time in the future in an American city. There are several settings the fire mansion house, Montags home, the city streets, and the forest international the city. In this world, books are banned, and everyones lives are isolated from each other. Guy Montag is a fireman and his purpose is to burn books. One day Montag meets a young girl named Clarisse McClellan who h elps him make that his life is empty.When Clarisse dies, and his wife attempts suicide, Montag decides to read books. But in Montags world a person caught interpret books has his house burned down. Then Montag goes back to work, and he is forced to burn down a house holding books with the owner inside. After that he seeks help from an English professor named Faber, and they make a plan to destroy the firemen and to preserve books by publishing them. Mildred tells the firemen about the books that Montag has been hiding, and he is forced to burn down his own house.When Beatty tries to arrest Montag, he runs away and is pursued by the police. After Montag escapes, he runs into group of people outside the city called the Book People. They hold memories of books they have read and are waiting for a chance to let a new world. I think this is a great book. Ray Bradbury was very descriptive and the story has a great plot, because it was suspenseful. I would recommend it to people becaus e it made me think about the value of books.

Precocious Puberty

The difference surrounded by intelligent pubescence and pubescence itself is Precocious pubescence is normally found in barbarianren between the climb ons 8 and 11. While puberty normally does not hit children boulder clay around term 11-14. The Mayo Clinic best describes Precocious puberty as Precocious puberty is when the proboscis changes from that of a child into an adult. It includes rapid growth of jampacks, teeth and muscles changes in body shape and size and development of the bodys ability to reproduce. Precocious Puberty normally begins in girls between ages 8 and 12 and in boys between ages 9 and 14.The cause of intelligent puberty often sack upnot be found. Rarely, conditions such as infections, hormone dis assembles, tumors, brain abnormalities or injuries may cause precocious puberty. Treatment for precocious puberty typically includes music to delay further development. There are 5 different types of Precocious Puberty. Gonadotropin-dependent precocious p uberty is very common and affects mostly girls and half of the boys. This is a disorder which is triggered by immature secretion of puberty controlling hormones or higher levels of gonadotropic hormones.Gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty mostly affects boys with low gonadotropin levels. commutation precocious puberty is not triggered by any underlying reason. It is merely a body response to changes that concern the central nervous system. Isosexual precocious puberty causes the sign of femininity in girls and masculinity in boys. Heterosexual precocious puberty is just opposite of Isosexual precocious puberty which brings the sign of femininity in boys whereas masculinity in girls. Early onset of puberty can cause several problems.The ahead of time growth spurt initially can cause tall stature, but rapid bone maturation can cause linear growth to cease too early and can result in short adult stature. Most children, boys and girls a give care that hold back Precocious Puberty end up macrocosm less than 5 feet tall. According to Kids Health (1995) in that respect are signs to be on the lookout for. For instance, in girls the telltale signs of precocious puberty include any of the following before 7 or 8 years of age include breast development, pubic or underarm hair development, rapid altitude growth, and onset of menstruation.In boys, the signs of precocious puberty before 9 years of age include enlargement of the testicles or penis, pubic, underarm, or facial hair development, rapid height growth a growth spurt, and phonate deepening. twain girls and boys testament have an onset of acne and adult mature body odor. An 8 year sure-enough(a) child having such things causes problems for that child. Its always difficult to be different, and maturing into an adult-looking body earlier than your peers puts a pass out of pressure on children. A child I know, Roberta, is only 7 years old and has Central Precocious Puberty.The mental affects it has on Roberta is outrageous she is a second grader having to deal with wearing sanitary napkins, the sense of smell associated with periods, the self-image problems of already growing breast, among many more issues. This can really wear on a child, curiously one that is so young. Roberta is finding it hard to maintain her friends, once they find out about her already having periods their mommys lack them to not be friends anymore. One little girl had been friends with Roberta since Preschool then the mom found out that Roberta was wearing sanitary napkins and told her daughter she could not be friends with Roberta anymore.Robertas mom went to talking to this lady, and her response was, she was not ready to have the talk with her daughter yet. It was better they not be friends to keep back Roberta from telling her daughter anything. It is more difficult for girls than boys. Girls have undeniable signs that are visible to everyone. Boys can felled seam their growing penis and chest hair from their friends, the only thing they cannot hide is their facial hair if that is sexual climax in early. Both boys and girls can have a tough time when they go with pubertal changes.Children who go through the changes at the age of 8-11 while their friends do not hit puberty till 11-14, makes it even harder for those early bloomers to cope. Children with Precocious Puberty may be stressed because of physical and hormonal changes they are just too young to understand all the changes their body is making. These children will be rag and may end up having body image or self-esteem problems. Girls who reach menarche before age 9-10 may become withdrawn and may have difficulty adjusting to wearing and changing sanitary napkins.Roberta has had problems adjusting to wearing the sanitary napkins and she wants to make sure no one can see them from her pants. It is very confusing and traumatizing for her. Both sexes, boys more often than girls, may have increases in libido le ading to increased masturbation or foreign sexual behaviors at a young age. Girls with a history of early puberty have a slightly earlier age of initiation of sexual activity. Some girls with Precocious Puberty enter the geological dating scene much earlier than their classmates.Early-maturing girls may also have behavior problems and a greater venture for substance abuse and suicide. The best thing for the children struggling through precocious puberty is for someone to be there for them, listen to them, encourage them, let them know there are others who are just like them, and what they are going through is normal. It may not normal for their age, but normal none the less. every last(predicate) children go through adolescences. Those with Precocious Puberty are just going through adolescences sooner. In order to diagnose Precocious Puberty the doctor will perform a work up on the child.The doctor normally begins by reviewing the medical history of the family, doing a physical exam, reviewing blood work to cake hormone levels, and taking x-rays of the childs hand and wrist to determine bone age. When diagnosing a child with Precocious Puberty, a doctor will look at the sixpence Stages to determine where the child is at. Tanner Stages is a system that was developed in 1969 it grew out of a two-decade-long believe of girls as they transitioned through puberty. The Tanner staging system is named after Dr. James Tanner, who was a British pediatrician.He performed a longitudinal study in which the subjects were observed repeatedly over a period of time in the same context. (Dr. Greenspan 2006) In an experiment the girls underwent examinations and photographs every three months. Dr. Tanner and his research group studied the progress and developed the 5 Tanner Stages that we use today. The Tanner Stages deal with both breast and genital development. Roberta (the afore mentioned child) has a Breast Tanner Stage 3 and a Pubic Hair Tanner Stage of 4 this happens more clock than not for girls to be more advanced in one area over the other.She is biologically age 7 but her bone age is 11. Girls will have Tanner Stages numbered 1-5 childhood through adulthood. Boys will have only one Tanner Stage, Tanner Stages numbered 1-5 childhood through adulthood. According to the Mayo Clinic (1998) there is treatment for Precocious Puberty. The children can receive a treatment called Gn-RH analogue therapy, usually includes a periodical injection of a medication, such as leuprolide, which stops the HPG axis and delays further development. The child continues to receive this medication until he or she reaches the normal age of puberty.Once he or she stops receiving the medication, the process of puberty begins again. The coating of treatment for Precocious Puberty is to stop puberty from progressing so the child can have a normal healthy childhood. Treatment will also depend on the type of Precocious Puberty and the underlying cause, if known. Accordi ng to Health of Children, there are several drugs that have been developed for treatment histerlin, nafarelin, semisynthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, deslorelin, ethylamide, triptorelin, and leuprolide.If parents opt to have treatment, there is some after care that is required. The child will have follow up visits every 3-6 months to ensure that progression of puberty has been slowed or halted altogether. Normalization of accelerated growth, drop-off in size of breasts and suppression of gonadotropin levels after receiving Gn-RH. Monitor bone age yearly to actualize that the rapid advancement seen in the untreated state has slowed typically to a half year of bone age per year or less.If parents opt to not have treatment, the child might need therapy to benefactor with self-esteem issues, high anxiety, irritability or even withdrawal. Some studies have shown that not treating children has no printing on them at all with the exception to early adolescences. The bes t thing a parent can do is to discuss the ends and outs with the Endocrinologist about which treatment if any will be best for their child. Precocious Puberty is something a child can live with. Most importantly, there is help out there if they want it.

Analysis of “The Lorax” Essay

The story, The Giving Tree, is a book written by Shel Silverstein that is about the relationship amongst a manoeuver and a male child. In the beginning of the story, the intelligence and the channelise spend a parcel out of time together having fun. For model, they would play hide and seek, the boy would play on the branches, and the boy would play exponent of the forest with the leaves of the tree. The tree would be very happy because she was interacting with the boy. Throughout the story, the boy would spend little and less time with the tree. As a result, the tree would become sad. Once in a while the boy would come backside, asking for certain things, and the tree would be happy to help the boy because she loved the boy so much.Through the story, The Giving Tree, Shel Silverstein relates a lesson of how giving is more important than taking. In the story, the boy takes vantage of the tree by taking everything that the tree has. The tree leaves freely without complainin g because the tree loves the boy, and wants him to be happy. In the end, all the boy wanted to do was to spend time with the tree once again. If the boy did non continuously take advantage of the tree, the boy did not form to miss, and become unhappy about the gray-haired tree that loved him so much.The trees love for the boy is a perfect example of what people should be like giving freely, and unconditionally. If everyone was like the tree, at that place would be very little sorrowfulness in the world, and the world would be a better place. If countries started to give freely to one another, there would be fewer wars, there would be no more sadness and devastation, and there would be world satisfaction and peace. The message from Shel Silverstein is to not be like the boy who ultimately becomes unhappy by taking from the tree. In summary, Silverstein uses the story to expound on the idea that giving is more important than receiving.The story also has a slight reference to the relationship between mother and child. The tree (the mom) was willing to give anything to the boy (the son). The tree sacrifices herself in order to suffice the boy happy, which any mom would probably do for her son. In the beginning, the tree wanted to sacrifice its time just to play with the boy. This is similar to a parent, which sacrifices time to interact with and admit for their kids. Towards the teenage years, the tree gives up her apples so that the boy could have money. Likewise, many parents sacrifice money to have their children enjoy their teenage years movies, cars, trips, etc.When the boy becomes an adult, he takes the branches and trunk of the tree onward to variety a house, and a boat. All of these examples exemplify the ways in which moms make so many sacrifices to make their children happy, but some kids just take them, run with them, and never think about how much it personify their moms. As depicted in the story, the boy never expressed any gratitude to the tree. The boy rarely went back to visit the tree, but only visited the tree to take something away for his own personal benefit. Furthermore, moms also enter sadness when their children leave them for college, and adulthood. When the boy does not come back to see the tree for years at a time because of his own issues, the tree becomes sad. In short, Silverstein illustrates the interaction between mother and child by showing the selfless acts of parents and the selfishness of children.The book, The Giving Tree, can strongly connect to our relationship between the environment and humans. Currently, there is an evident problem of global warming. This recent dilemma is caused because of our selfish taking from the environment. The tree can strongly resemble the earth on which we live, and the boy can resemble humans. We constantly take from the Earth, and rarely give back to the environment.For example, during the 20th century, industries took advantage of the Earth without replenish ing resources deforestation, driving animals to extinction, and over-fishing. Furthermore, since global warming has become such a big problem now, we want to go back to live on the lush, non-polluted earth. Likewise, after the boy takes everything away from the tree, the boy wanted the tree to be like it was before. Ultimately, the book elucidates the way in which humans call out the environment just like how the boy misused the tree.A question that can come to estimation when reading Shel Silversteins story is, what is the reason for writing the story. Silverstein might have written the book for teenaged children, but it was to teach everyone of the give not take, principle. Moreover, another question can be what is the reason for allowing the boy not to think about his selfishness? Perhaps Silverstein wanted to portray the fact that people are sometimes selfish. Finally, throughout the story, why is the boy referred to as a boy even though he becomes a man. Maybe Silverstein wa s writing in the perspective of a mother because a mom always calls his son her boy.

Modern marketing techniques or strategies are responses to how Essay

Modern marketing techniques or strategies ar responses to how consumers try to satisfy their needs and wants - Essay ExampleThrough these marketing strategies, we are fit to learn the emotional feeling of the consumer about the products and know the exact reason why they have chosen the product since the approaches captures both the experience of the customer and the response thereof. The modern marketing techniques also have a way of connecting the brands of the product to the consumers as they sell plainly to the consumers the product. They give test on products to the consumers to smell, touch, apply or taste without demanding that they purchase the product first (Harris 2009). The modern techniques in marketing may be dear(p) yet in truth effective this is because the benefits in terms of increased sales are likely to outbalance the initial investment. The other reason that this form of marketing strategy is better that the traditional approach is that they are less risky. C ustomers normally love testing in the first place buying and one can be sure enough that once a customer has had a taste of the product and it fits their taste and preferences they will surely score the brand existence and go right for that product (Rainey & Salaris 2004). It is a proven fact that products which are accessible for consumers to test first before buying record the highest sales as opposed to those requiring purchase before testing. This is because customer interactions will normally intensify as they test the product giving them a more memorable brand experience (Harris 2009). Modern marketing is therefore responsible for increasing sales by ensuring that customers go along with the company in terms of their goals and objectives (Sturm, 2004). This they do through engagements and fostered...This media has helped the banks to reach so some(prenominal) customers since the customers are able to interact with their products and brands through the media used. The ban ks have well grounded plans for social marketing campaigns which are In line with the goals of the banks. These have modifyd the banks to have a well laid down plan to achieve their goals with very clear marketing plans (Sturm 2004). The marketing plans through the social media have helped the businesses through a number of goals such(prenominal) as website traffic, conversions, creation of brand awareness, creation of brand identity and positivity in brand associations and finally, the enabled communication and interaction with the key stakeholders in the market (Merrett 2002). The banking industry is quite volatile and the social media marketing is as well quite unpredictable when not planned well. This has ensured that the planning departments of the banks are quite endowed with resources to enable them act with precision when it comes to social media marketing (Merrett 2002). The social media marketing tools used by the banks apart from universe well planned are endowed with content together with conspicuous brand image which has enabled the banks draw out their influence in the market. These have in the long run enabled the bank track competition of fop competitors in the banking industry. In addition, the banks through its analytics have been in the position of determining its success (Sturm 2004).

Developing Writing Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Developing Writing Skills - Essay ExampleMy gretest wekness in writing hs lwys been to pln, write, nd revise n essy. In generl I lck bsic knowledge bout how to pproch writing nd the writing ferment s whole. Prticulrly, I hve difficulty in weakening n essy in the following res () generting content, (b) creting nd orgnizing structure for compositions, (c) formulting gols nd melloweder plns, (d) quickly nd efficiently executing the mechnicl spects of writing, nd (e) revising textbook nd reformulting gols.Generting content for n essy typiclly begins with brinstorming. During this pre-writing phse, writers tke date to reflect on their topic, select n udience, nd develop ides. Skilled writing depends, in lrge prt, on students bility to pln before composing during this phse. My wekness is tht I do not happen much time prepring to write. Insted, I often begin writing s soon s I m given n ssignment with little or no preprtion. Further much, I tend to rely on n ssocitive technique wherei n I simply write whtever comes to mind. Beginning to write immeditely fter receiving n ssignment does not llow dequte gol put or plnning--two importnt techniques pplied by flourishing writers. Subsequently, I pper unsure of wht to do when I m given time to pln. Sometimes I do not regrd strtegies in the prewriting phse s vluble tools nd fil to utilize meningful techniques to become successful writer. I lso experience difficulty when ttempting to generte content nd orgnize structure for compositions. This problem my be ttributed to their under-utiliztion of strtegies for retrieving useful informtion. Thus, sometimes I view writing ssignment s question/nswer tsk involving little preprtion. Formulting gols nd objectives, strtegy tht experienced writers use to pln nd execute higher-level writing skills, is third re of difficulty for me. Writing cn be chrcterized s problem-solving tsk tht includes identifying gols for writing s well s the mens to chieve them. During nd fter writing, the se gols re ssessed to determine whether student needs to redefine the gols or stretch forth with the writing process. In my writing strtegy I choose from list of gols tht I feel my pper should ccomplish nd thn I brek the writing tsk into severl prts () generte product nd process gols, (b) develop notes, (c) orgnize notes, (d) write nd continue the process of plnning, nd (e) evlute success t obtining gols. fter being tught the gol-setting strtegy, I meet the gols I hve set for my essys 90% of the time. My strength in writing is tht I m ble to quickly nd effectively execute the mechnicl spects of writing. Specificlly, in comprison to my peers, I mke considerbly more spelling, cpitliztion, nd punctution errors in compositions, nd my hndwriting is less legible. Bsic skills like spelling, grmmr, nd hndwriting re usully not tught t the high school level. I lso think tht my strength in writing is in formtion times. I hve well-developed sense of sentence style nd produce long nd completed sentences. Thus, the repetition of simple sentences nd stalk use of run-on sentences re not common for my style. For exmple, I edit for the conventions of writing s they come about with composing their ides nd during the post-writing stge for refinement. nother re of difficulty in writing for me is the revision of my writing. The revision process is n

Fatigue and Performance in Aviation Research Paper

Fatigue and Performance in Aviation - Research Paper ExampleThe dizziness may make the pilots unresponsive for some time. If the pilots render to their fatigue, they end up sleeping thus, causing accidents or going beyond their destinations. FAA has failed to enact proper regulations that would reckon that pilots get enough sleep in between their flights, especially for short flights. Most airlines give their pilots moreover 7 hours of which some are spent checking out and transit to hotels. This is not enough as it largely leads to fatigue, and thus, lowers the performance of the aviation crew. Therefore, FAA should note that sleep is triggered by fatigue and to solve sleep among the pilots, FAA should review their rules to suffer time for sleep and rest to their pilots.Increasing frequencies in aviation accidents have called for attention on the causes of these accidents. some(prenominal) factors cause aircraft accidents. However, researchers have attributed aircraft accident s to pilot and crew failures of psychological or physiological nature. Psychologists argue on the resolving power of biological and psychological factors on the crews and pilots management of the plane. Psychologists have considered fatigue and lack of sleep as the chief(prenominal) factors responsible for aviation accidents. Because of the nature of flight schedules, crew finds little time to sleep or until now have some sleep. Absence of sleep and rest influences the alertness and performance (Wiener 650). Pilot fatigue has had the fastness hand on the aircraft accidents. Fatigue refers to a mental state characterized by reduced mental and carnal performance resulting from workload or loss of sleep. Fatigue impairs human performance, and thus, has negative impacts on work among otherwise day-to-day activities. Many aviation accidents have occurred because of the crews tiredness or sleep, which reduce their level of alertness hence, inability to follow procedures and operati ons.Initially, pilots flight time for non-stop travels were